In Memorium...
In memory of both
Jacques Derrida and
Janet Leigh I will attempt to
deconstruct the shower sequence in
Psycho.
Besides being one of the most famous montage scenes in film history it also became a part of popular culture.
The overall scene as Marion (Leigh) enters the bathroom starts at the 46:10 point of the movie, which is 1 hour and 48 minutes in length. This means it happens right about the end of the second act in most movies. The scene begins as Marion enters the bathroom and flushes paper that she has written a sum of money on. The flushing of the money twirls down the drain much as her own blood does down the shower drain after the stabbing scene.
Some trivial facts:
- The scene begins as 46:10 and ends at 49:36. In that period there are 57 shots.
- At 46:42 Marion closes the shower curtain thus signaling the end of the film's first act.
- The stabbing montage scene begins [act two] as the killer enters the bathroom at 47:02 and opens the curtain at 47:14.
- The scene ends as Marion's hand on the tiles at 47:42.
- The montage scene contains 35 shots in 40 seconds.
- Of the 35 shots 6 are out-of-focus. 4 are of Marion's body, one is of her hand and another is of the killer stabbing [although his hand does come into focus at the end of the shot]
- 8 times we see a front shot of the killer stabbing.
- There are 12 stab attempts.
- 8 stabs actually take effect.
- In 2 shots during the stabbing scene we see blood.
- 2 times we actually see the knife make contact; one on the stomach and once on the back. Although we don't see them penetrate the skin. This is part of the brilliance of the scene. It is brutal yet there is no gore and very little blood.
- The musical score for the scene lasts 54 seconds. It begins at 47:14 and ends at 48:08.
- Marion dies at 48:10
- 4 times we see the shower head [phalic symbol] spewing water.
- Between shot 54 and 55 there is a dissolve from the sink in the shower to a close-up of Marion's eye (a complex votex from whence things seen disappear). Then a brilliant single take from her death stare past the toilet to the next room with a shot of the newspaper which contains the money and out to a shot of Norman's house.
- The strongest shot in the scene is the close-up of Marions' mouth. Her mouth - like the toilet, like the shower drain and like her eye - are all receptical openings.
What does the scene mean? It's obviously psycho- sexual. But more importantly it combines the pleasure one feels in ultimate privacy with that of the unpleasantness of unimaginable brutality. Adding to this is the fact that the killer is a man dressed as a woman. But too Marion's death is a sort of punishment for her own crimes. Albeit at the hands of a much greater criminal. In this way Hitchcock has been accused of being mysogynistic and perhaps he had some pleasure in showing us the perverse death of a beautiful woman but I think he was stayng truer to the aesthetic of horror movies.
The next level worth considering is that it is a movie. More importantly perhaps is the cultural significance of the movie. Few movies change the way we think about and do things. If anything this scene shows us one of the worst ways to die. Hitchock understood this and exploited it to the fullest. Without question a whole lot of women (and men) started to lock the bathroom door after this and many began to consider baths over showers. It's possible he gave some killers an idea in how to murder but in some ways he possibly saved lives. There is no question that this movie helped spawn a whole bunch of imitators from Brian DePalma to Dario Argento. I guess it's too late to thank him.
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Bright Lights has a good reading of this scene.
At
Saul Bass Net you can edit your own version of the scene.
*[Okay, I'll admit this isn't really a deconstruction as much as it is a close reading or an analysis. But even Derrida stayed away from the definition of deconstruction.]